E for Ecstasy by Nicholas Saunders
Appendix 1: Reference Section

102 Attenuation of Alcohol Consumption by MDMA in Two Strains of Alcohol-Preferring Rats, by Amir Rezvani et al., 1991, from Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behaviour, vol. 43

Alcohol preference and manifestation of alcoholism in rats are thought by many to be associated with serotonin dysfunction in the brain. Since MDMA stimulates serotonin release, experiments were carried out to determine the effect of MDMA on alcohol consumption.

The rats, which were bred to be alcoholics, were given free access to food, water and 10% alcohol [similar strength to wine]. After being injected with MDMA for 3 consecutive days, they drank less alcohol and more water from the time of the first dose, with the effect diminishing to nothing 3 days after the last dose. No behavioural changes were noticed on MDMA, so the results are presumed to be the direct effects of the drug.